what was athens economy based on
2007. Ancient Textiles Series 27. As such sometime around the 9th or . 2005. Gallant 1991, a controversial book primarily concerned with risk-management strategies developed by Greek households to cope with food crises, approaches agricultural practices from its own particular perspective. Through a thorough study of the relevant sources, the author argues that in Athens the absence of a central cadastral register was counterbalanced by the existence of official property records under the responsibility of the demes. The treasures of the Parthenon and Erechtheion. Case, botteghe, ergasteria: Note sui luoghi di produzione e di vendita nellAtene classica. On religious taxes see Fawcett 2016 (cited under Taxation and Liturgies). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Demography and democracy: The number of Athenian citizens in the fourth century B.C. 2021. In Ancient history matters: Studies presented to Jens Erik Skydsgaard on his seventieth birthday. Dealing with the gap between cereal production and consumption, Jard 1979 presents the traditional view that Athens was heavily dependent on imported grain during the classical age. The author argues that in terms of aggregate and per-capita growth, living standards, and equitable wealth and income distribution, the ancient Greek economy of c.800300 BCE outperformed the Roman economy of c.100 BCE200 CE. Le vin et lhuile dans la Mditerrane antique: Viticulture, oliculture et procds de transformation. Press. The empire of the owl: Athenian imperial finance. The works in this section discuss the impact of the 5th-century-BCE Athenian empire on the citys finances and public economy. The influential book Finley 1985 (first published in 1973; cited under General Overviews) represents the substantivist viewpoint that the ancient economy was embedded in a system of social and political values to such an extent that the weight of these values prevented individual and collective attitudes from developing along the lines of a merely economic and profit-oriented rationalism. Economy of Greece Economy of Greece Overview Agriculture Banking ( Bank of Greece, National Bank of Greece, list) Communications Companies Energy Industry Ports Shipping Stock Exchange ( companies listed) Tourism Transport History Economic history of Greece and the Greek world Greek economic miracle Greek debt crisis Related Brands The article focuses on the levy of the eisphora before and after the reforms of 378377 BCE, and it argues that only after this date, a system of wealth assessment was introduced and taxes began to be collected in proportion to the assessments. First published in 1995. So Athenians traded with other city-states and some foreign lands to get the goods and natural resources they needed. Comprehensive treatment of the textile industry, including the organization of production and trade, through the analysis of a broad range of sources (literary, documentary, iconographical, and archaeological). Athens and Sparta, for example, were two of the most powerful cities of the Mediterranean, but their economies were completely different. La dmographie dAthnes au IVme sicle av. Sankt Augustin, Germany: Akademia Verlag. As for Plato, one can refer to Danzig and Schaps 2001 to consider some of the features of the ideal city of the Laws against the Athenian economic background of the fourth century BCE. The idea that the impact of war on politics and the economy was not necessarily negative is connected to the reassessment of the disruptive potential of ancient warfare. Analecta Romana Instituti Danici 30. Coinage and democracy at Athens. On the other hand, Oliver 2007 deals with the issues of grain supply that the Athenians had to face during the Hellenistic age and how they responded to this situation. Leuven, The Netherlands: Peeters. Poverty, wealth, and well-being: Experiencing penia in democratic Athens. Edited by Helen Parkins and Christopher Smith, 99124. 1985. As for the contribution of ancient sources, Longo 1987 focuses on philosophical literature and the ideological constraints it has often imposed on the historical analysis of craft industries, while Sanidas 2013 offers the most updated collection of archaeological evidence pertaining to Attic workshops. Athenian Economy In Athens their economy was based on trade. Spantidaki, Stella. Athenian economy and society: A banking perspective. The value of ergasteria in Attica: A reexamination. Reden, Sitta von. Antiquity 70.267: 3144. Rejecting the traditional idea that Greek poleis did not levy regular direct taxes on income and property, the author picks up the clues pointing to the existence of forms of direct taxation of agricultural produce in Athens. Rihll, Tracey E. 2001. Bodei Giglioni, Gabriella. The Athenian economy twenty years after The ancient economy. Thompson, Wesley E. 1982. They acquired wood from Italy and grain from Egypt. In a broader study devoted to the institution of the trierarchy, the author deals with the financial responsibilities of the trierarchs, in particular with the costs of the crew, the maintenance of the ship, and its equipment. Surez, Domingo Plcido. Networks of stone: Sculpture and society in archaic and classical Athens. DOI: 10.2307/25010973Save Citation Export Citation 2007. Mnemosyne Supplements 312. The quarries of Attica revisited. Jeffery Humphreys . Edited by Peter Garnsey and C. Richard Whittaker, 103126. DOI: 10.1515/9780748631247-017Save Citation Export Citation Dealing with the history of the Athenian grain supply and its relationship with democracy, the author reviews the evidence about the individuals involved in the grain trade and argues that behind the elaboration of a democratic political ideology, powerful elites controlled the grain trade to their own advantage. The renowned exception is Boeckh 1886, the first pioneering study on the public finances of the city of Athens, which took into account all the literary and epigraphic evidence available at the time. DOI: 10.2307/284371Save Citation Export Citation Focusing primarily on agrarian economies of the Hellenistic age, Chandezon 2011 ascribes the development of the larger and more complex agrarian enterprises of the Hellenistic time to forms of estate management already introduced in 5th-century-BCE Athens. Within a general study on the spatial organization of ancient workshops and their place in the urban and extra-urban context, the book offers a catalogue of all archaeologically attested Attic workshops engaged in metalwork, stonework, pottery production, textile production, and food processing. Sargent, Rachel. Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies Supplement 74. Reviewing the evidence concerning the labor of women, the author detects a conflict between the ideological disdain for working women and the reality reflected by the epigraphic evidence and various allusions in literary sources. Focusing on the oikos (household) as the central economic unit of the Greek world, the author investigates its internal organization (goals, division of labor, and strategies) and the institutional flexibility that allowed it to adapt to the increasingly expanding monetary economy. Even though devoted to reassessing the alleged uniqueness of Greek slavery in the context of the ancient Mediterranean, Lewis 2018 also deals with the economic role of slave labor in Greek societies, including Athens. Modern works concerning these authors are gathered in the first part of this section, Ancient Economic Literature. Capitalism and the ancient Greek economy. Centre de Recherches dHistoire Ancienne 75. Key Takeaways Athens was an ancient Greek city-state known for its focus on democracy, arts, philosophy, and education, fostering a culture of intellectual growth and creativity. Eleusis: The inscriptions on stone; Inscriptions of the sanctuary of the Two Goddesses and public documents of the deme. For public spending on religious festivals, see Wilson 2000 (cited under Taxation and Liturgies) and Pritchard 2015 (cited under Public Finance and Economy). Lytle, Ephraim. Ancient Society and History. Share Citation . Edited by Karen Ascani and Vincent Gabrielsen, 2937. DOI: 10.3998/mpub.11553427Save Citation Export Citation Sacred and public land in ancient Athens. Pernin, Isabelle. Share Citation . 1973. DOI: 10.2307/148074Save Citation Export Citation DOI: 10.2972/hesperia.85.1.0153Save Citation Export Citation Share Citation . DOI: 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474421775.003.0002Save Citation Export Citation de Callata, Franois. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. A thorough study by a mining engineer charged with the modern exploitation of the Laurion mines, dealing with the mining and processing technology of galena and silver in classical Attica. Potter, Jason D. 2019. Press. Albeit restricted to inscriptions coming from the Agora, Lalonde, et al. Davies, John K. 1971. Share Citation . Sallares, Robert. Oliver 2007 offers a survey of the Athenian economy in the early Hellenistic age. The book discusses, as part of the survival strategies developed by Greek households to respond to changing environmental and economic conditions, the adaptive measures of peasant agricultural systems, such as crop diversification, fragmentation of landholding, and irrigation. He justifies his choice: significant drivers of economic growth were key features of the naval . Edited by Koray Konuk, 6376. 2002. Rome: Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. In The ancient Greek economy: Markets, households and city-states. Memorie 9.2.2. London: Institute of Classical Studies, Univ. Hautes tudes du Monde Grco-Romain 8. The author rejects the idea that workshops were insignificant structures of little value usually attached to the owners residence and points to a broader variety of ergasteria of different size and value, including large factories with a correspondingworkforce whose owners belonged to the liturgical class. 2013. See Woolmer 2016 (cited under Trade and Traders) for the role of market and trade regulations as factors of growth. Oxford: Oxbow. Morris, Ian. The final chapter analyzes the role and weight of the subscriptions in the financial policy of the cities and in funding specific projects. 1975. 1983. Edition, epigraphic commentary, and interpretative study of the stelae recording a centrally organized sale of public land by several different corporate groups and the payment of a 1 percent tax on the proceeds of sale. Athens, GA 30602 . The link was not copied. Les nauclres grecs: Recherches sur les institutions maritimes en Grce et dans lOrient hellnis. Rosivach, Vincent J. Descat, Raymond. In Ancient history matters: Studies presented to Jens Erik Skydsgaard on his seventieth birthday. Vincent Gabrielsen, 2937 trade and Traders ) for the role of market and trade regulations as factors growth. Sparta, for example, were two of the owl: Athenian imperial finance concerning authors. 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