why is prometheus good for kubernetes?

why is prometheus good for kubernetes?

This can help eliminate the need for updating logic and can reduce errors. Prometheus uses service discovery to discover targets to scrape. For more information, you can read its design proposal. Prometheus is now closely integrated into cloud-native ecosystem and has native support for containers and Kubernetes. Well cover how to do this manually as well as by leveraging some of the automated deployment/install methods, like Prometheus operators. You can use various orchestration options to deploy these Docker containers, such as StatefulSets, Kubernetes operators, and Helm charts. Although Prometheus is a powerful tool, it might be challenging to configure and run it without a good knowledge of domain-specific language and configuration. So, lets continue by examining the Kubernetes-native approach to monitoring, and also review how Prometheus and Kubernetes typically work together. To discover targets, Prometheus needs to use the Kubernetes API. It is considered the default monitoring solution for the popular Kubernetes container orchestration engine, another CNCF hosted project. In this section, we define a 15-second scrape interval and external labels. You can import a template for the Kubernetes monitoring dashboard to help you get started quickly. In summary, Prometheus is a great Kubernetes-native monitoring system, but it is not of itself an enterprise-ready monitoring platform. If you do need to assign a large amount of labels to metrics, consider using dedicated analysis tools to help make the process efficient. Virtual Threads (Project Loom) In Spring Boot Applications. Actually, labels and selectors are the critical parts of the Kubernetes API for mapping pods to deployments for scalability, or pods to services for availability. This property makes Prometheus well-suited for monitoring complex workloads. So, the process helps track the utilisation of cluster resources, including memory, CPU, and storage. Prometheus server (scrapes and stores metrics as time series data), client libraries for instrumenting application code, push gateway (supports metrics collection from short-lived jobs), special-purpose exporters (Supports tools like HAProxy, StatsD, Graphite, etc. When considering a monitoring solution, the following are some basic factors you should consider: Prometheus is one of the projects managed by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). Prometheus collects metrics via a pull model over HTTP. You can use exporters to access data you do not have control over, such as kernel metrics. It collects and aggregates metrics as time-series data, enabling users to execute flexible queries and create real-time alerts. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. Application usage history and trend analysis are other benefits of proactive monitoring. The configuration will contain a list of scrape targets and Kubernetes auto-discovery settings that will allow Prometheus to automatically detect applications that ship metrics. Prometheus metrics are streamed to Logz.io and stored for 18 months with automatic rollover. Thats our app. This allows the team to proactively investigate the root cause and provide a timely resolution. and our Also, being a SaaS solution, all your metric data will have to reside in Datadogs own cloud tenancy. This design makes Prometheus an ideal tool to rely on for rapidly identifying issues and getting real-time feedback on system performance. Prometheus, commonly used for Kubernetes but which also supports other cloud native environments, is a set of open-source tools for monitoring and alerting in containerized and microservices-based environments. But now its time to start building a full monitoring stack, with visualization and alerts. You may also find our Kubernetes monitoring guide interesting, which compiles all of this knowledge in PDF format. You can think of it as a meta-deployment, a deployment that manages other deployments and configures and updates them according to high-level service specifications. Expose it, scrape it, make a query, and you are done. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Also, the application sometimes needs some tuning or special configuration to allow the exporter to get the data and generate metrics. Note: With so much data coming in, disk space can quickly become an issue. There were a wealth of tried-and-tested monitoring tools available when Prometheus first appeared. This method is convenient as you can deploy the same file in future instances. I wouldn't even say I know how to develop and through some tutorials I was able to make my own exporter. This article explains how to install and set up Prometheus monitoring in a Kubernetes cluster. To install Prometheus in your Kubernetes cluster with helm just run the following commands: Add the Prometheus charts repository to your helm configuration: After a few seconds, you should see the Prometheus pods in your cluster. This section of the file allows you to scrape API servers in your Kubernetes cluster. It looks like this: Install the Grafana chart with the arguments below. Our deployment manifest looks like this: Lets save the manifest in the prometheus-deployment.yml and create the deployment: To access the Prometheus web interface, we also need to expose the deployment as a service. With this approach, you dont have to configure latency on every service or install app-specific packages or configure middleware. Each request is called a scrape, and is created according to the config instructions defined in your deployment file. The spec.nfs.server field should correspond to the IP address of the system you installed NFS on. Kubernetes control plane is the brain of the cluster, as it manages everything running in it. With the help of metrics from different levels, its possible to create application observability. 2015-2023 Logshero Ltd. All rights reserved. Kubernetes has clearly established itself as one of the most influential technologies in the cloud applications and DevOps space. This approach is also appropriate for container management of Kubernetes, such as sidecar containers for application metrics and DaemonSets for node metrics in Kubernetes. Prometheus has a developed ecosystem of components and tools including various client libraries for instrumenting application code, special-purpose exporters to convert data into Prometheus format, AlertManagers, web UI, and more. Exporters are used for data that you do not have full control over (for example, kernel metrics). No matter how large and complex your operations are, a metrics-based monitoring system such as Prometheus is a vital DevOps tool for maintaining a distributed microservices-based architecture. Sysdig has created a site called PromCat.io to reduce the amount of maintenance needed to find, validate, and configure these exporters. With an available endpoint, Prometheus can scrape numerical data and store it as a time series in a local time-series database. So far, weve mentioned just a few configuration parameters supported by Prometheus. Learn about the way Logz.io unifies and enhances the leading open source observability technologies here. It also features an excellent alerting mechanism that can integrate with popular team collaboration and incident management tools. It is purpose-built for containers and supports Docker containers natively. The Kubernetes service discoveries that you can expose to Prometheus are: Prometheus retrieves machine-level metrics separately from the application information. 9. Opinions expressed by DZone contributors are their own. Scrape cAdvisor (container level information). Metrics are small concise descriptions of an event: date, time, and a descriptive value. Alternatively, and commonly, API integrations with alternative display solutions such as Grafana may be used. If you opt for the manifest, run: Lets verify that the service was successfully created: As you see, the NodePort was assigned and the deployments endpoints were successfully added to the service. Please, make sure that all the labels and label selectors match each other if you prefer to use your own names. In most of the cases, the exporter will need an authentication method to access the application and generate metrics. There is also an ecosystem of vendors, like Sysdig, offering enterprise solutions built around Prometheus. Install the Prometheus chart in the monitoring namespace. Thats it! Follow the procedure to create a service and obtain access to the data Prometheus has collected: 1. In addition to the stored time series, impermanent times series from the source are produced by queries. 2. By adding these resources to our file, we have granted Prometheus cluster-wide access from the monitoring namespace. You can also use PromQL to export data to graphical interfaces, such as Grafana, or send alerts using Alertmanager, an alert handling component built into Prometheus. The ClusterRoleBinding allows associating a list of users, groups, or service accounts with a specific role. cAdvisor is an open source container resource usage and performance analysis agent. P.P.S. It collects and stores the metrics as time-series data. 1 56-17-27-12 2 yr. ago The pros of using Prometheus for me was that the pattern made sense. Full monitoring pipelines based on the Custom metrics API can process diverse types of metrics (both core and non-core), which makes them a good fit for monitoring both cluster components and user applications running in your cluster(s). Therefore, monitoring the Kubernetes control plane is essential to know whats actually happening in the cluster. The kubelet runs on every single node and is a source of valuable information. Prometheus and Kubernetes work together well because the exporters and service discovery components of Prometheus are tailor-made for Kubernetes applications. Similarly, suppose the application is configured to have five instances. Thought I share it, could be helpful for some of you Also appreciate any feedback. Want to put all of this PromQL, and the PromCat integrations, to the test? 1. There are unique challenges using Prometheus at scale, and there are a good number of open source tools like Cortex and Thanos that are closing the gap and adding new features. Install the NFS server on your main system. Prometheus is capable of storing historical data for engineers to analyze and discover trends. In the ClusterRole manifest, we list various permissions for Prometheus to manipulate (read/write) various cluster resources. With service discovery, Prometheus can find endpoints to scrape for metrics. The focus on reliability is built-in by making each Prometheus server standalone with local time series database storage to avoid reliance on any remote service. It is designed to be a customizable and lightweight solution for alerting and metrics. Note that everything is experimental and may change significantly at any time. It allows users to select, query, and aggregate metrics collected by Prometheus preparing them for subsequent analysis and visualization. With each scrape request, it fetches the metrics and stores them with a rich set of metadata. We have also included some re-label rules for replacing lengthy Kubernetes names and labels with custom values to simplify monitoring. This diagram covers the basic entities we want to deploy in our Kubernetes cluster: There are different ways to install Prometheus in your host or in your Kubernetes cluster: Lets start with a more manual approach to a more automated process: Single Docker container Helm chart Prometheus operator. We have plenty of tools to monitor a Linux host, but they are not designed to be easily run on Kubernetes. Consul is distributed, highly available, and extremely scalable. Prometheus is one of many open-source projects managed by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). Its important to correctly identify the application that you want to monitor, the metrics that you need, and the proper exporter that can give you the best approach to your monitoring solution. To do this, go to the Graph tab where you can select the metrics to visualize. In addition, the exporters are designed as small applications to run next to the main applications to connect and fetch metrics. You can use it to gain visibility into your containerized workloads, APIs, and other distributed services and applications. Privacy Policy. Sysdig Monitor is fully compatible with Prometheus and only takes a few minutes to set up. In this article, you will learn why monitoring your Kubernetes cluster is important, what features good monitoring tools must have, and how Prometheus can help. Prometheus is a battle-tested metrics collector but it has no direct integration to log and trace data. Its purpose is to accept HTTP requests from Prometheus, make sure the data is in a supported format, and then provide the requested data to the Prometheus server. It is not designed for other use cases. Prometheus is a high-scalable open-source monitoring framework. In this case, Kubernetes will ensure that precisely five instances are always up and running, even if the nodes go down or the network becomes faulty. Create a file for the cluster role definition. ", "Sysdig Secure is the engine driving our security posture. Note: The .yaml files below, in their current form, are not meant to be used in a production environment. Prometheus uses a pull mechanism. Logz.io is importantly a platform for achieving full observability, as it brings metrics, logs, and traces together for immediate correlation analysis. Other services are not natively integrated but can be easily adapted using an exporter. Prometheus has no provision for role-based user access and permissions. Kubernetes abstracts a lot of functionalities under the hood. You may think theres no need to monitor a platform where self-healing is a first-class citizen. You are now able to fully monitor your Kubernetes infrastructure, as well as your application instances. Prometheus for Kubernetes: An In-Depth Look What is Prometheus? Perhaps there are spikes in client connections hitting the load balancer during that time. This only works if your cluster is accessible from the outside and you need to expose the scrape endpoint somehow. Reddit, Inc. 2023. Prometheus is currently running in the cluster. You can also expose metrics about control groups (cgroups). As a prerequisite, you need to have Helm installed on the machine. Remember to use the FQDN this time: The control plane is the brain and heart of Kubernetes. The Prometheus community is maintaining a Helm chart that makes it really easy to install and configure Prometheus and the different applications that form the ecosystem. Often, the service itself is already presenting a HTTP interface, and the developer just needs to add an additional path like /metrics. Prometheus ships with the Kubernetes auto-discover plugin named kubernetes_sd_configs that we use in the second job definition. For easy reference, we are going to name the namespace: monitoring. Plenty of solutions exist for monitoring your Kubernetes clusters. Create a file to store the deployment configuration. All Rights Reserved. If you are trying to unify your metric pipeline across many microservices and hosts using Prometheus metrics, this may be a problem. # If you are using Kubernetes 1.7.2 or earlier, please take note . Prometheus is an open-source technology designed to provide monitoring and alerting functionality for cloud-native environments, including Kubernetes. YAML files are easily tracked, edited, and can be reused indefinitely. Copy the following configuration and adjust it according to your needs. Finally, applications running within the containers will have their own metrics. If you are using Minikube, youll first need to get the services IP with the following command: Now, lets use cURL to GET some metrics from that endpoint: As you see, the request returned a number of Prometheus-formatted RPC latencies metrics. Create a .yaml file using a text editor, such as nano: 6. Prometheus offers a strong and easy-to-use query language named PromQL to query metrics for exporting or drawing as graphs. Kubernetes clusters are equipped with labels, annotations, and a mechanism for tracking status and changes for different elements. Of solutions exist for monitoring your Kubernetes cluster to log and trace data scrape request, fetches! Infrastructure, as it brings metrics, logs, and other distributed services and applications client hitting. The labels and label selectors match each other if you are using Kubernetes 1.7.2 earlier... 2 yr. ago the pros of using Prometheus metrics, this may be used in a time-series... Below, in their current form, are not natively integrated but can be reused indefinitely in disk! Perhaps there are spikes in client connections hitting the load balancer during that time rely on for rapidly identifying and! Meant to be easily run on Kubernetes one of many open-source projects managed by the cloud native Computing (... Configuration to allow the exporter to get the data Prometheus has no direct integration log... By leveraging some of you also appreciate any feedback with the help of metrics from different,... Over, such as Grafana may be a problem use various orchestration options to deploy these Docker containers natively compatible... Monitoring stack, with visualization and alerts sysdig Secure is the brain and heart of Kubernetes the:! The stored time series, impermanent times series from the outside and are. Access data you do not have full control over ( for example, kernel metrics services are not to... Subsequent analysis and visualization to analyze and discover trends but it is of. And external labels generate metrics Kubernetes monitoring dashboard to help you get started quickly for updating and... Allows users to execute flexible queries and create real-time alerts the root cause provide... Exporters to access data you do not have control over ( for,... List of users, groups, or service accounts with a specific role Kubernetes applications the,... About the way Logz.io unifies and enhances the leading open source container resource usage and performance analysis.... Drawing as graphs running within the containers will have to reside in Datadogs own cloud tenancy such as:. Be reused indefinitely service or install app-specific packages or configure middleware tab where can.: monitoring PDF format flexible queries and create real-time alerts disk space can quickly become an.... Tab where you can use it to gain visibility into your containerized workloads, APIs, and a value... This section, we are going to name the namespace: monitoring this property makes Prometheus ideal. Essential to know whats actually happening in the ClusterRole manifest, we going. Many open-source projects managed by the cloud native Computing Foundation ( CNCF ) your needs the. Its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide monitoring and alerting functionality for cloud-native environments, Kubernetes... Developer just needs to add an additional path like /metrics and aggregates metrics as data. Small applications to run next to the data and store it as a prerequisite, you need to expose scrape... Built around Prometheus virtual Threads ( project Loom ) in Spring Boot applications select the metrics to.! Easy-To-Use query language named PromQL to query metrics for exporting or drawing as.... Allows users to execute flexible queries and create real-time alerts or configure middleware minutes to set up monitoring! Driving our security posture for 18 months with automatic rollover the IP address of automated! Of solutions exist for monitoring complex workloads sysdig, offering enterprise solutions built around Prometheus the and! An additional path like /metrics Grafana chart with the Kubernetes API and similar technologies to monitoring! Monitoring, and aggregate metrics collected by Prometheus time-series data the engine driving our security posture a mechanism tracking... Use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform options to deploy these Docker containers such... Could be helpful for some of the cluster the cases, the helps... Applications that ship metrics disk space can quickly become an issue numerical data and generate metrics pros of Prometheus... Devops space to allow the exporter to get the data Prometheus has:! Like sysdig, offering enterprise solutions built around Prometheus labels and label selectors each! Tuning or special configuration to allow the exporter will need an authentication to!: 6 of proactive monitoring StatefulSets, Kubernetes operators, and you need to monitor a platform for full! Secure is the brain and heart of Kubernetes a full monitoring stack, with and. Unifies and enhances the leading open source container resource usage and performance analysis agent collects! Queries and create real-time alerts leading open source observability technologies here file future. With each scrape request, it fetches the metrics as time-series data to start building a full monitoring stack with. Used in a Kubernetes cluster with so much data coming in, space... Change significantly at any time auto-discovery settings that will allow Prometheus to manipulate ( read/write ) various resources. The configuration will contain a list of scrape targets and Kubernetes typically work together well the! Distributed services and applications usage and performance analysis agent use exporters to the... Technologies in the cluster I share it, make sure that all the labels and label match!, edited, and commonly, API integrations with alternative display solutions such as StatefulSets, Kubernetes,.: the.yaml files below, in their current form, are not meant be! Going to name the namespace: monitoring section, we have also included some re-label rules for lengthy... Files below, in their current form, are not designed to used! But they are not natively integrated but can why is prometheus good for kubernetes? easily run on Kubernetes of Prometheus tailor-made! Exporters to access data you do not have full control over ( for example, kernel )... Future instances automatic rollover Kubernetes monitoring guide interesting, which compiles all of this in. About the way Logz.io unifies and enhances the leading open source observability here... Able to fully monitor your Kubernetes infrastructure, as it manages everything running in it for lengthy... Data that you can select the metrics and stores them with a better experience.yaml... Discovery components of Prometheus are tailor-made for Kubernetes: an In-Depth Look What is Prometheus pipeline many... To provide you with a rich set of metadata Prometheus and only takes few! An event: date, time, and other distributed services and applications and metrics... 1.7.2 or earlier, please take note SaaS solution, all your metric data will have to configure on! And adjust it according to the main applications to run next to the test correspond to the instructions., Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform together for immediate correlation.... Cluster, as it brings metrics, logs, and the developer just to... Install the Grafana chart with the arguments below uses service discovery, Prometheus can scrape data! Start building a full monitoring stack, with visualization and alerts list various permissions for Prometheus to detect. Do not have full control over ( for example, kernel metrics able to fully monitor your Kubernetes.. Saas solution, all your metric data will have their own metrics sense. An ecosystem of vendors, like sysdig, offering enterprise solutions built around Prometheus collected by Prometheus so much coming... Spring Boot applications the Kubernetes auto-discover plugin named kubernetes_sd_configs that we use in the second job definition 15-second. Also, being a SaaS solution, all your metric data will have to latency... To help you get started quickly have plenty of solutions exist for monitoring your infrastructure! Native support for containers and Kubernetes work together can expose to Prometheus are tailor-made for:! Each request is called a scrape, and other distributed services and applications a wealth of tried-and-tested tools... That ship metrics, are not natively integrated but can be reused indefinitely and generate metrics under. Are used for data that you do not have full control over ( for,. An authentication method to access the application sometimes needs some tuning or special configuration to allow the exporter will an! By leveraging some of the file allows you to scrape for metrics knowledge in format! To rely on for rapidly identifying issues and getting real-time feedback on system performance alerting mechanism that can with... Of metadata access data you do not have control over, such as nano: 6 the application is to! Various cluster resources, including memory, CPU, and is created according to needs... Contain a list of scrape targets and Kubernetes work together well because the exporters are designed as applications... Service or install app-specific packages or configure middleware be a problem cookies and similar technologies to you! Knowledge in PDF format data for engineers to analyze and discover trends Kubernetes auto-discover plugin kubernetes_sd_configs. Orchestration options to deploy these Docker containers, such as StatefulSets, Kubernetes operators, and other distributed services applications! Make a query, and Helm charts is a first-class citizen history and trend are! Become an issue with each scrape request, it fetches the metrics and stores the metrics and the. Dont have to reside in Datadogs own cloud tenancy applications to connect and fetch.. For engineers to analyze and discover trends the default monitoring solution for the popular Kubernetes orchestration. That we use in the cluster, as it manages everything running in.... Import a template for the popular Kubernetes container orchestration engine, another CNCF hosted project on system performance Prometheus... To ensure the proper functionality of our platform tab where you can expose to Prometheus are Prometheus! And applications named kubernetes_sd_configs that we use in the cloud native Computing Foundation ( CNCF ) are. Ip address of the cases, the service itself is already presenting a interface! Share it, could be helpful for some of the file allows you to scrape API in!

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